Could we put out the Sun?

The Sun is one heck of a giant ball of fusion. Putting it out won't be easy.... The mass of the sun itself consists 98.6% of the mass of the solar system.

Putting water over the fire won't do, considering that your fire is not your regular Oxygen fuelled CO2 spitting fire and is rather a ginormous fusion reactor.

Artwork by ME!

The typical fire will burn hot, a burning matchstick at the time it hits the ignition point is around 600 - 800 C (1112 - 1472 F). To put fires caused by wood or any non oil flaming material use use plain old water. Water has a large heat capacity and is really good at lowering the ignition temperature of burning objects so that they don't burn anymore....

But the Sun isn't your average campfire. The energy output of the sun is about 3.28 X 10^26 J/s.

3.28 X 10^26 J/s is the energy to melt a bridge of ice 3.2 km (2 miles) wide and 1.6 km (1 mile) thick stretching from the Earth to the Sun (1.49 X 10^11 m) in ONE SECOND!
And the sun is considered to be an average star in the Universe! 

Thats ALOT. But what we are about to do is a heck ton lot more.....

But hey let's get in to this deeper and see how the Sun actually "burns"

How does the Sun work?

The story begins in the heart of the Sun's core where the temperature exceeds 15 million Kelvin! Due to the immense gravitational pressure at the core 2 Hydrogen nuclei fuse to form Helium - 4. The Sun does this to about 6000 tonnes of Hydrogen every second!
Since the Helium nucleus is smaller than 2 Hydrogen atoms the difference in energy by Einsteins equation (E = mc^2 ) is released in form of all types of wavelengths of light.

This photon then bumps into around 10^25 other gas molecules before it get to the surface. The photon basically takes around 100,000 years just to get to the surface of the sun, where then its spewed out into our cold cold solar system.

Sun viewed in different wavelengths.

So just chucking a bunch of water at it would be worthless, but not entirely.





Remember how the Sun produces energy by fusing atoms mainly Hydrogen? Well guess what you just did chuck water at the Sun, and water consists of Hydrogen and Oxygen.



Every star in the universe is powered by its own fuel. If its big then it will burn through its fuel faster, if it is small then it will burn through its fuel slower. The more massive a star gets the lower is its life expectancy.

And by chucking water at the Sun you did indeed increase its mass and add fuel to the fire. But what happens to the Oxygen? The Oxygen to gets used up in a cycle called the CNO cycle.


So yeah that's a start but how much water should I throw at the sun to bring its life expectancy down?

The Vsauce video : Guns in space discusses this question briefly. The video says that 20 solar masses ( 1 solar mass = 2 X 10^30 kg) of water would reduce the Suns life expectancy to a couple of hundred millions years.

But 20 Solar masses of water. That number is so large that we would require 1.5 X 10^7 Earths to have that much water. (Amount of water on Earth =  1.26 X 10^21 kg).

The other way could be to stop the fusion reaction completely., would be to take all of that 20 SM of water and chuck it at the sun in such a way that it goes right through the core and lower the sun's internal temperature. You could stop all the fusion going on and that would be very bad!

To just give you an idea of how powerful a fusion reaction is compared to a fission reaction?

What do you think will be brighter? A supernova from the distance of 1 AU, or a nuclear weapon detonated a centimetre above your eye? (Assuming you are Wolverine and can survive both.)

The supernova would be by 9 orders of magnitude!

Thats how powerful a fusion reaction is. Besides water what else could we chuck into the Sun?
This question gets asked a lot : Why don't we throw our nuclear waste in the Sun?

Good question but, should we? Firstly it would be very very expensive, getting a kilogram of anything to space costs $20,000. Secondly if the rocket happens to blow up. We would be screwed.

Synaesthesia

Hey guys, I would like to give a quick shoutout to Ananya Srinivasan. She has started her own blog and I would appreciate it if you guys could go and check her blog out.

Link: synaesthesia2015.wordpress.com

Amazing Facts To blow your Mind # 6

1. Lead was used as an Artificial Sweetener in ancient Rome!

2.Chocolate is the only edible substance having a melting point just below the human body temperature, that's why it melts in your mouth!

3. November 28th 2012 was the most peaceful day in New York, not a single violent crime was reported!

4. We consume well over 70 Gigabytes of data a Day!

5. The US is obliged to go to war with 67 different countries should the situation arise. This all  due to the number of treaties made over the past few decades!

6. In 1981, the first commercial GPS weighed around 22.6 kg (50 Pounds) and cost over $100,000!

7. In the peak of the British Rule, the area they were ruling was larger than Africa and even comparable to the moon. It was somewhere between 30.2 million square km and 38 million square km!

8. When a Hurricane is expected, Wal-Mart's top selling items consist of Pop Tarts and Beer!

9. The average American golf course consumes over 1181048 litres (312,000 gallons) of water a day!

10. The term ZIP in ZIP code means Zone Improvement Plan.

11. The Average lego Brick can take upto 435 kg (950 lbs) of pressure before it cracks!

12. The New York Crossword Puzzle Editor, Will Shortz is the only person in the world to have a degree in Enimgatology! The Study of Puzzles!

13. A group of Barracudas is called a Battery! 

14. Banana's have more trade regulations than AK-47's!

15. Pluto never made a full revolution around the sun while it was called a planet!

Why do earphones get tangled?

Why do earphones get tangled?

How to tie the strongest knot ever? Put earphones in your pocket and wait one minute.

My GOD this is the worst thing that happens! But it has a pretty simple(VERY COMPLEX) reason. Knot Theory. To save you from understanding that wiki article, putting it simply a string/chord/earphone etc. has only one way to stay straight but an infinitely many ways to get tangled. There are so many of them that you could go by your entire life and still not see the same type of tangling.

Since every point on a string can be a point of contact which equals a point of tangling that string can be entangled in so many unfathomable ways. What makes it even more complex it that Chaos Theory also plays a Major role here. Even the slightest disturbance can increase the temperature of the system by a fraction of a degree thus lengthening the string making it have even more contact points and since points are infinitesimally small it leads to a whole bunch of craziness which includes tangling and you spending the next few minutes untangling. 

There are 2 critical factors for tangling 1) Length of the string . 2)Agitation Time. Other minor factors include Rigidity and Diameter but in most cases earphones have the same dimensions.

Researches also found out that the chances of a string getting tangled are dramatically more if the string measures to be 46cm to 150 cm. Typical earphones are in the range of length too (around 130- 146 cm). Furthermore the "Y" shape of earphone chord also does contribute to the tangling of earphones. 

However I guess material matters too. Earphones like those which have their outers made of a cloth are less likely to tangle.

Any thoughts, suggestions or improvements? Leave them in the comments down below!

Amazing Facts to blow your Mind! #5

1) When  a massive power outage struck Southern California in the 1990's, mass panic began and people called 911 as they were seeing weird clouds in the sky, which was actually The Milky way seen without all the light pollution!

2) There is an Austrailian shrub plant called the "Suicide Plant". This plant is notoriously famous for the effect it has on people after they touch it which is suicide. Its leaf has a compound that causes an agonizing sting that can last upto 5 years after touching it!

3) Butt is a medival unit of measurement for wine! A butt load is equavalent to 129 Gallons!

4) Arsol, Bastardane, Crapinon, Constipatic Acid, Uranate, BARF, catP, Vomitoxin, Magic Acid, Moronic Acid, Titanic acid, Diabolic Acid, Fartox and many more( Click Here For more names) are all real chemical compound names!

5) Current CEO of Youtube Susan Wojcicki, was the woman who rented out her garage in 1998 for Larry Paige and Sergey Brin while they were creating Google!

6)Your body Burns more calories sleeping than doing nothing while awake!

7)Your Eyebrows renew themselves every 64 days!

8) Humpback whales often allow dolphins for a ride on their backs for the fun of it!

9) First Ever Storage of Google was Made of Lego because they needed about 40 GB storage for the working of Search Engine Algorithm but the biggest Hard Disk was of 4GB in size so they had to assemble 10 hard Drives to make one of 40 GB.

10) The First Tweet of Google was “I’m 01100110 01100101 01100101 01101100 01101001 01101110 01100111 00100000 01101100 01110101 01100011 01101011 01111001 00001010.” Which meant I’m Feeling Lucky in Binary.

11) Due to tidal friction from the sun and moon, the solar day is lengthening by 1.7 milliseconds each century as the Earth’s rotation slows down.

12) In 140 million years, a day on Earth is expected to last 25 hours.

13) From 2005 to 2007, researchers have found that more trees in the neighbourhood= Less crimes!

14) Handshakes were originally meant for check whether the person you were meeting was carrying a concealed weapon!

15) The concept of Rap Battles has existed since the 5th Centuary! Poets would often engage in "Flyting", a spoke word or event where the poets would insult each other!

1 = 1+1?

So I did the math and last I checked 1+1=2. So how the heck is 1=1+1?

Simply put its the Banarch-Tarski paradox which says: if you take an object and split it into, lets say 7 pieces and rearrange them in such a manner that you get the original object along with a new out of nowhere.

If you really want to find out more about this really sort of complex theorem I would highly suggest Vsauce as I donot have the ability to explain this clearly. Here are some helpful links:

1)Bararch Tarski Paradox Vsauce

2)  kuro5hin
3) Quora
4) Wikipedia

Weirdest Stars in the Universe!

 Stars!

1) There exists a star about 50 light years away from Earth called BPM 37093 . This star is mainly made up of Carbon and Oxygen like all other White dwarf's, but what is unique about the star is that about 32-82% of the core has crystalized making the star a giant DIAMOND of 10 billion trillion trillion carats! The star was named Lucy after the song by the Beatles, "Lucy in the sky with Diamonds".

2) The fifth brightest star in the sky called as Vega is actually Egg shaped! Due to its hight rotation speeds of 263.2 km/s (163.54 miles/s) Vega actually bulges out at the center much like the Earth does! And thats not it, Its poles are significantly more brighter than the equator of the star!

3) Well this one should be called Star-ception!

   

HV 2112 is actually a pretty canabalistic star! Inside of the core of this red giant is a neutron star!

This star actually confirms the existence of  Thorne-Zytkow objects, which basically means a Neutron star inside a Red Giant. Well this is pretty huge. Just putting a Red Giant in the center of the solar system would make is surface extened out to the orbit of Mars. Neutron stars on the otherhand are unfathomably heavy. Just a hundredth of a teaspoon would weigh 40 Million Tons! Due to is weird makeup this star will also produce more heavier elements like Lead and even Transuranic ones too.

4) MY Camelopardalis is a binary star system. This star is actually not one but two stars just kilometers apart! The estimated orbital velocities of this binary system is 1,000,000 km/h (620,000 miles/h). Scientists predict that when these two stars collide they either may cause a SUPER-SUPER massive supernova or they may combine to form another giant star!

Well Thats it for this time! Hope you guys enjoyed reading this and tell me if you like this new format! Want to suggest a topic? Leave it in the comments below!

How to create something out of nothing! Banach-Tarski Paradox!

So double is almost always better right. More Money, Food and Seaweed? But it is true! So come check out my blog for this amazing post where I explain How to CREATE SOMETHING OUT OF NOTHING!!!

What is the Earth Worth?

A lot, would be an understatement. But hey! Lets get down to it!
Firstly there are several ways you could do this.

1) Calculating a planet's worth is pretty hard. There are several factors to count, For example: Its constituents, Its habitability, Its size etc. to name a few. But thanks to the Greg Laughin Equation we can calculate the value of Extra-Terestrial planets, and putting the values for Earth we get about 

 5 QUADRILLION Dollars (5,000,000,000,000,000 if you prefer.).

But that is nowhere near close to the value I researched and came up with. Apparently the Equation doesn't even consider a ton of things that makes Earth Unique like the fact that LIFE exists on a giant rock revolving around the Sun.

2) Reddit user TheyDidTheMath shows some more interesting calculations by considering the elements present in the Earth's core and came up with this answer:

Value of the Earth's Mantle:

Mg: (0.228)(2.92e19)($1.20) = $7.99e18

Si: (0.215)(2.92e19)($0.11) = $6.91e17

Fe: (0.058)(2.92e19)($0.18) = $3.05e17

Al: (0.022)(2.92e19)($0.35) = $2.25e17

K: (0.003)(2.92e19)($22.00) = $1.93e18

                                                          Adding the values up gives a total of $8.99e18.

The value of the Outer Core:

Fe: (0.80)(1.86e22)($0.11) = $1.64e21

Ni: (0.20)(1.86e22)($3.82) = $1.42e22

This gives a final figure of $1.58e22.

Value of the Inner Core

Then, assuming a composition similar to that of the outer core, its total market value:

Fe: (0.80)(9.50e17)($0.11) = $8.36e16

Ni: (0.20)(9.50e17)($3.82) = $7.26e17

This yields a final figure of $8.10e17.

The Price of the Earth:

Written out, this number is $15,809,800,000,000,000,000,000, or $15.8 sextillon, or $15.8 billion trillion.

Again this Is a staggering Price, but he also says that he didn't consider the price of more precious elements like Gold,Silver and Osmium . 

3) The History Channel aired a special episode about the value of our planet.  They examined aspects such as diamonds, gold, lumber, water, and nearly everything on earth and came up with a price tag.  From their calculation, our earth is worth $6,873,951,620,979,800, or to put it in words, nearly seven quadrillion dollars.

This would be close to the Greg Laughin Equation too.

So the Earth is Pretty pricey. so what do you think the Earth's Value would be? Leave the answer in the comments below!

PS.

I tried calculating it. Went NUTS

Thanks For READING!!!!!